India is advancing the development of compact nuclear power reactors, including a 200 MW model, that can be installed on commercial ships and captive power plants.

Scientists at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) are working on two reactors—55 MW and 200 MW, aimed at powering energy-intensive industries like cement manufacturing. A senior official highlighted, "Nuclear power is generated by causing nuclear fission to create heat that leads to electricity production. You can put the reactor wherever you want, even on a ship." These Bharat Small Modular Reactors (BSMR) are designed to be very safe and versatile, including potential use in Merchant Navy ships.

India’s nuclear submarine fleet currently operates on 83 MW reactors. To boost nuclear energy, the government plans to amend the Atomic Energy Act to permit private sector participation, fuel importation, and limit supplier liability. This initiative could transform India’s energy landscape by expanding nuclear power's share and facilitating commercial deployment on maritime vessels.